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The presidential election Under the second Republic (1848-1852), the president of the Republic was elected for a term of four years by direct universal suffrage: there was only one, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte. Of the third Republic (1871-1940) until the end of the Fourth Republic (1946-1958) he was elected by the members of the National Assembly and the Senate, in Congress assembled. In 1958, the President was elected to universal by indirect suffrage by a specific electoral college composed of members of the Parliament, the councilors and the elected representatives of the municipal councils, or approximately 80,000 electors. This system worked only once: for the election of Charles de Gaulle in his first presidential term, on December 21, 1958. Since the constitutional revision of November 6, 1962, approved by referendum on October 28, 1962, the president of the Republic is elected by direct universal suffrage, for a renewable term of seven years. This mandate is increased to 5 years from the 2002 presidential elections. The territory of the Republic formed a single electoral constituency: all french nationals on an electoral list participate in the election of the president of the Republic. The president of the Republic is elected by direct universal suffrage, the majority constituencies in two rounds: • If absolute majority is attained by any of the candidates in the first round, a second round is held a fortnight after the first round; so that the elected collects the majority of the votes cast, as required by the Constitution (art. 7), only two candidates are allowed to sit in the second round. It comes to the two candidates obtaining the largest number of votes in the first round • is elected in the second round, the candidate with the majority of the votes cast.
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